Take some time for yourself and have a look at our comprehensive guide to UK bin lorries! Whether you’re simply curious or need detailed information for professional purposes, this blog aims to answer all your questions about these essential vehicles. From their history to the technical details of their operation, and even including how much binmen get paid—this guide covers it all.
Below, you’ll find a helpful table of contents to navigate through the various sections quickly.
Table of Contents
- What Is the UK Word for Garbage Truck?
- Who Invented the Bin Lorry?
- How Much Does a Refuse Truck Cost?
- How Many Bin Lorries Are There in the UK?
- How Heavy Is a UK Bin Lorry?
- Is a Bin Lorry an HGV?
- How Much Horsepower Does a Bin Lorry Have?
- What Time Can Bin Lorries Start Operating in the UK?
- Is It Illegal to Leave Wheelie Bins on the Pavement in the UK?
- What Size Bins Can Be Lifted by a Bin Lorry?
- How Much Do UK Binmen Get Paid?
1. What Is the UK Word for Garbage Truck?
In the UK, the most commonly used term for a garbage truck is a “bin lorry.” This term is widely recognised among the general public and is part of everyday conversation when referring to the large vehicles that collect household rubbish. For those within the waste management industry, the vehicle might be called a “refuse truck” or a “dustcart.” These terms are used more formally, especially by waste collection companies and local councils.
Interestingly, terminology can vary significantly around the world. For example, in the United States, the term “garbage truck” or “trash truck” is most common. In Australia, you might hear “rubbish truck” or “garbage truck.” Even within the UK, there are various everyday terms, including “dustbin lorry,” “bin wagon,” and “bin van.” This diversity of language adds a touch of local character and can often reflect regional slang or preference.
Here’s a quick comparison of common terms used in the UK and other English-speaking countries:
| Country/Region | Common Terms |
|---|---|
| UK | Bin Lorry, Dustcart, Refuse Truck |
| USA | Garbage Truck, Trash Truck |
| Australia | Rubbish Truck, Garbage Truck |
| International | Waste Collection Vehicle, RCV |
It’s worth noting that while these terms are commonly used, there can be slight variations or preferences depending on the locality. The technical industry term “Refuse Collection Vehicle” (RCV) is often used across English-speaking countries, especially in more formal settings or documentation. Understanding these different terms can be useful, particularly if you’re searching for information or equipment, as regional variations may yield different results.
2. Who Invented the Bin Lorry?
The invention of the bin lorry, or garbage truck, was not the result of a single moment but rather a series of key developments over time. The origins of the bin lorry date back to 1897 when Chiswick District Council in the UK ordered the first self-propelled garbage trucks from the Thornycroft Steam Wagon and Carriage Company. These early vehicles, called “steam motor tip-cars,” were designed specifically for the collection of household waste.
In the 1920s, covered trucks began to be introduced across Europe and North America, tackling problems such as unpleasant odours and waste spillage from open-topped vehicles. A major step forward came in 1929, with the development of a hopper system that used cables to pull waste into the truck, making the collection process much more efficient.
George Dempster made a significant contribution in 1937 with the invention of the Dempster-Dumpster system. This involved wheeled waste containers that could be mechanically lifted and tipped into the truck, an innovation that eventually led to the term “dumpster” becoming a part of everyday language.
The introduction of compactors in 1938 was another game changer. The Garwood Load Packer used a hydraulic press to compact waste inside the truck, effectively doubling its capacity and making waste collection much more efficient. Later innovations included the front loader, introduced in 1955 by the Dempster Dumpmaster, and the automated side loader, first used in Scottsdale, Arizona, in 1969.
While no single individual can claim the invention of the modern bin lorry, it is clear that a combination of innovations over more than a century has led to the efficient refuse collection vehicles we see today. These advancements have made waste management cleaner, safer, and more efficient for both workers and the public.
3. How Much Does a Refuse Truck Cost?
The cost of a refuse truck can vary significantly depending on whether it is new or used, as well as its specifications. Here’s an overview of refuse truck costs in the UK:
| Type of Truck | Cost Range |
|---|---|
| New Refuse Trucks | £320,000 – £330,000 (26-tonne battery-electric) |
| £180,000 – £250,000 (Standard diesel) | |
| Used Refuse Trucks | £50,000 – £150,000 (based on age, condition) |
| Refurbished/Converted Trucks | £150,000 – £160,000 (diesel to electric conversion) |
Factors Affecting Cost:
| Factor | Impact on Cost |
|---|---|
| Size/Capacity | Larger trucks (e.g., 26-tonne vs. 18-tonne) are generally more expensive. |
| Type of Lifting Mechanism | Rear loaders, side loaders, etc., can influence the cost. |
| Body Manufacturer | Brands like Dennis Eagle, Mercedes, and Scania have varying prices. |
| Fuel Type | Diesel trucks are cheaper upfront, while electric trucks have higher initial costs but lower running expenses. |
| Additional Features | Compactors, weighing systems, and other features can add to the cost. |
Operating Costs:
| Cost Type | Cost Estimate |
|---|---|
| Diesel Fuel Cost | £20,000 per year |
| Electric Savings | Up to £23,000 annually in running cost savings compared to diesel |
Refuse trucks are specialised vehicles with high costs due to their complex mechanisms and durability requirements. However, the high initial investment is often offset by a long service life, typically 7 to 10 years or more in municipal service.
4. How Many Bin Lorries Are There in the UK?
A conservative estimate might put the total number of refuse trucks in the UK in the range of several thousand to potentially over 10,000 vehicles. The exact number can vary based on population density, waste management needs, and local authority budgets. Urban areas generally require more vehicles per capita compared to rural regions due to higher population density and increased waste generation.
How Is This Estimate Worked Out?
To arrive at this estimate, several factors are considered:
- Local Authorities: There are 333 local authorities in England, 32 in Scotland, 22 in Wales, and 11 in Northern Ireland. Each authority likely operates multiple refuse trucks to cover their respective areas.
- Fleet Sizes: Larger cities and councils tend to have larger fleets. For example, Westminster City Council has announced plans to replace its entire fleet of 80 refuse trucks with electric vehicles. Similarly, the City of London operates a fleet of fully electric refuse trucks, including at least 7 converted Dennis Eagle Elite 26-tonne vehicles.
- Private Waste Management Companies: In addition to council-operated vehicles, many private companies run refuse trucks across the UK, adding to the overall count.
- Vehicle Types: The total count includes various types of refuse collection vehicles, such as rear loaders, side loaders, and front loaders, as well as specialised vehicles for different waste streams.
- Replacement Cycles: Refuse trucks typically have a service life of 7 to 10 years in municipal fleets, meaning there’s a constant cycle of replacements and fleet updates.
5. How Heavy Is a UK Bin Lorry?
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Standard Size | The most common size for a UK bin lorry is a 26-tonne vehicle. |
| Gross Vehicle Weight | The maximum legal weight for a 26-tonne bin lorry, when fully loaded, is 26 tonnes. |
| Payload Capacity | A 26-tonne bin lorry can generally hold around 12 tonnes of waste. |
| Empty Weight | The empty weight (kerb weight) is approximately 14 tonnes, depending on the model. |
| Axle Configuration | Most 26-tonne refuse trucks in the UK have a 6×2 configuration (three axles). |
| Weight Distribution | The weight is distributed across the axles to meet legal limits and prevent road damage. |
| Variations | Smaller 18-tonne versions are used in restricted areas; larger versions for special situations. |
It is crucial that bin lorries do not exceed their maximum gross vehicle weight of 26 tonnes, as overloading is illegal and can lead to penalties.
6. Is a Bin Lorry an HGV?
Yes, a bin lorry is classified as a Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) in the UK.
- Definition of HGV: The term “Heavy Goods Vehicle” refers to any vehicle that weighs more than 3.5 tonnes. This includes trucks, lorries, and other vehicles designed for transporting goods.
- Classification of Bin Lorries: Most bin lorries in the UK fall under Category C (also known as Class 2) licensing requirements, which allows drivers to operate vehicles over 7.5 tonnes with a rigid body. This classification is essential for refuse collection vehicles, which are generally heavier due to their design and purpose.
- Licensing Requirements:
- Category C Licence – Required for driving rigid vehicles over 7.5 tonnes, which includes most refuse collection trucks.
- Category C+E Licence – For articulated vehicles, though this is not typically necessary for standard bin lorries.
- Regulatory Compliance: Bin lorries must adhere to specific regulations regarding weight limits and road safety, ensuring they do not exceed the legal maximum gross vehicle weight (GVW) of 26 tonnes when fully loaded. This classification helps ensure that drivers are adequately trained to handle the size and weight of these vehicles safely.
In summary, bin lorries are indeed classified as HGVs in the UK, requiring specific licences and compliance with safety regulations to operate effectively within the waste management system. Find out the difference between a municipal vehicle and refuse truck.
7. How Much Horsepower Does a Bin Lorry Have?
The horsepower of bin lorries in the UK can vary depending on the type and specific use of the vehicle:
| Truck Type | Horsepower (HP) |
|---|---|
| Mercedes-Benz Econic | 220 kW (299 hp) |
| Skip Loaders | 200 kW (272 hp) |
| Hookloaders | 260 kW (354 hp) |
| Volvo FE Engines | Available in 250 hp, 280 hp, 320 hp, 350 hp |
| DAF Engines | Ranges from 299 hp to 530 hp |
| Heavy-Duty Options | Up to 600 hp, 700 hp, or 780 hp (Volvo FH16) |
Engine Size:
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Engine Size Range | Most refuse trucks use engines in the 6 to 13-litre range. |
| Mercedes-Benz Econic | Uses a 7.7-litre six-cylinder inline engine. |
The horsepower of a bin lorry depends on several factors, including the specific requirements of the vehicle, its intended use, and adherence to local regulations. In general, manufacturers aim to balance engine power with fuel efficiency and compliance with emissions standards.
8. What Time Can Bin Lorries Start Operating in the UK?
The start times for bin lorries in the UK can vary depending on the location and local council policies:
| Area Type | Typical Start Time |
|---|---|
| City Centres | As early as 5:00 AM |
| Areas Outside City | Typically from 6:30 AM |
| Residential Areas | Between 6:00 AM and 7:30 AM |
| Commercial Areas | Sometimes as early as 4:00 AM |
| Rural Areas | Usually around 7:00 AM |
Factors Influencing Start Times:
- Traffic Considerations: Early start times help avoid traffic congestion.
- Noise Regulations: Start times may be restricted in residential areas to reduce noise.
- Local Policies: Specific councils may have unique regulations, like preventing bins from being placed outside before 6:00 AM.
Residents are generally advised to have their bins out by 6:00 AM or 7:00 AM to ensure they are collected. Start times can vary between local authorities, so it’s always best to check with your local council for the most accurate schedule.
9. Is It Illegal to Leave Wheelie Bins on the Pavement in the UK?
Leaving wheelie bins on the pavement in the UK is not strictly illegal, but it can lead to civil penalties depending on local regulations and the circumstances.
Civil Matter
Leaving bins on the pavement is primarily a civil issue rather than a criminal one. Local authorities have the power to issue fines for persistent breaches of bin storage rules, particularly if they cause obstructions or hazards for pedestrians, especially those with disabilities or parents with strollers.
Local Authority Guidelines
Many councils have specific guidelines regarding bin placement, such as not blocking pavements or footways. Residents are encouraged to return bins to their property as soon as possible after collection. Some councils may issue fixed penalty notices for leaving bins out too long or in a manner that obstructs public pathways.
Potential Fines
Councils can issue fixed penalty notices if bins cause an obstruction, typically up to £80. This is usually a last resort after warnings.
Exceptions
Some residents may not have adequate space to store bins on their property. In these cases, local authorities might provide special arrangements for waste collection.
Common Practices
Residents are generally advised to take their bins in after collection and avoid leaving them on public pathways for extended periods to maintain safety and accessibility for all pedestrians.
Summary
In summary, while it is not illegal to leave wheelie bins on the pavement, doing so can lead to fines if it obstructs public access or violates local council guidelines. Residents are encouraged to be considerate of others when placing their bins out for collection.
10. What Size Bins Can Be Lifted by a Bin Lorry?
The number of bins a bin lorry can lift depends on the type of lifting mechanism it is equipped with and the size of the bins being used. Here’s a detailed overview:
Lifting Mechanisms:
| Lifting Mechanism | Bin Size (litres) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hydraulic Arms | 240-litre bins | The most common size for residential waste. |
| 360-litre bins | Often used in larger households or communal areas. | |
| 660-litre and 1100-litre bins | Used for commercial waste collection. |
Capacity Estimates:
| Bin Size (litres) | Number of Bins Lifted per Collection Round |
|---|---|
| 240-litre Bins | A typical bin lorry can lift and empty around 50 to 60 bins during a collection round, depending on the efficiency of the collection route and compaction of the waste. |
| 360-litre Bins | The capacity would be slightly lower, with approximately 35 to 40 bins fitting into a single round. |
| 660-litre Bins | Typically used in commercial settings, a bin lorry can lift around 10 to 15 of these larger containers in one round. |
| 1100-litre Bins | Similar to 660-litre bins, a bin lorry can typically lift 10 to 15 of these larger containers in one round. |
Factors Influencing Capacity:
| Factor | Description |
|---|---|
| Compaction Ability | Bin lorries are equipped with compactors that allow them to maximize the amount of waste they carry. This means that while they may lift a certain number of bins, they can also compact the contents significantly, allowing for more efficient use of space. |
| Route Efficiency | The number of bins lifted can also depend on how efficiently the collection route is planned. Urban areas may have more frequent stops compared to rural areas. |
| Vehicle Design | Different models of bin lorries may have varying lifting capacities based on their design and intended use. |
In summary, a standard bin lorry can typically lift between 10 to 60 bins per collection round, depending on the size of the bins and operational efficiency. Here are some tips on How to Maintain your Rear Loader Waste Collection Vehicle.
11. How Much Do UK Binmen Get Paid?
Based on the search results and available information, here’s an overview of how much binmen (refuse collectors) get paid in the UK:
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Average Salaries | The median salary for a binman in the UK is around £20,000 to £24,000 per year. According to Jooble, the average salary for binmen in the UK is £24,932 per year or about £12.02 per hour. |
| Salary Ranges | Entry-level salaries typically start around £16,000 to £18,000 per year. More experienced workers or those in supervisory roles can earn up to £30,000 to £35,000 per year. |
| Regional Variations | In London, the average salary is higher at £29,434 per year or about £14.54 per hour. Salaries can vary significantly based on location, with urban areas and regions with higher living costs often offering higher wages. |
| Additional Compensation | Some binmen may receive additional benefits like pension schemes, health insurance, or overtime pay. Working on weekends or holidays often comes with higher pay rates (e.g., time and a half on Saturdays, double on Sundays, triple on Bank Holidays). |
| Factors Affecting Pay | Experience level, Specific role (e.g., drivers often earn more than loaders), Employer (council vs. private company), Working hours (some work on a “task and finish” basis, potentially leading to shorter workdays). |
It’s worth noting that while the pay is not exceptionally high, the job often comes with stable employment and can offer good work-life balance due to early finish times. However, it is physically demanding work that requires early morning starts and working in all weather conditions.
Stay Informed on UK Bin Lorries and Waste Collection:
We hope you’ve enjoyed diving into our comprehensive FAQ on bin lorries in the UK. From understanding the everyday “garbage truck” to tracing the evolution of refuse collection vehicles, this guide aims to highlight an often-overlooked but essential aspect of daily life. Bin lorries are more than just workhorses in waste management—they’re vital for community health and efficiency.
Want to stay up-to-date with the latest in bin lorries and refuse vehicle news? Check out our latest news and learn more about Trest’s services at trest.uk.
